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Earthquakes and Geophysics

The KGS Earthquakes and Geophysics (E&G) Team conducts field investigations, collects seismic data, and disseminates information on issues related to earthquakes and subsurface characterizations to the benefit of Kentucky through collaborations within KGS, at the University of Kentucky (UK), and beyond. The E&G Team supports KGS’s mission to build Kentucky’s resilience through relevant, innovative, and high-impact research that assists with mitigating natural hazards that the Commonwealth faces. The team also distributes seismic data globally in real-time and provides earthquake information and research products to the research community, the public, the media, and to stakeholders, as well as providing student research opportunities on the UK campus. 

 

The Team’s primary research tool, the Kentucky Seismic and Strong-Motion Network (KSSMN), supports the Team’s main focus: earthquake hazards research. The KSSMN, which began in 1980, is based and operated out of the Mining and Mineral Resources Building on the University of Kentucky’s main campus. Network stations, distribute across the Commonwealth, are constantly being upgraded and new stations are occasionally established to improve network coverage. Using the KSSMN and other geophysical tools, the E&G Team also deploys temporary seismic arrays and conducts research in characterizing subsurface properties and resources such as near-surface geological layers and groundwater. The Team also explores uses of KSSMN data to detect the occurrence of other natural hazards such as extreme weather events. To be successful in its research endeavors, the E&G Team collaborates with researchers in other KGS teams and departments at UK, and at other institutions. In the next two to five years, to make additional contributions to KGS’s mission and to enhance collaborations at KGS and UK, the E&G Team plans to expand its research to include near-surface projects involving geophysical techniques and tools beyond seismic. 

 

RESEARCH ACTIVITIES:

Earthquake Hazards Affecting Kentucky:

  • Seismic monitoring with the KSSMN 
    • Operate and maintain the KSSMN network stations and computer systems. 
    • Maintain KSSMN data acquisition and archival. 

    • Contribute data in real-time to regional and global seismic monitoring efforts. 

  • Seismotectonics in and around Kentucky 
    • Differentiate between natural earthquakes and other seismic events. 
    • Determine source- and fault-parameters of earthquakes in Kentucky and events of interest outside the state. 

    • Characterize structures capable of causing earthquakes using earthquake and seismic waveform datasets. 

    • Identify and image crustal features associated with seismic zones. 

  • Strong-motion recording with the KSSMN 
    • Operate real-time and non-networked strong motion accelerographs in and near sources of seismic hazard. 
    • Record on-scale strong motions for engineering purposes 

    • Share data in real-time for a variety of uses including USGS ShakeMaps 

  • Seismic Hazard Analysis 
    • Deterministic seismic hazard analyses to assist stakeholders and help policymakers set appropriate engineering design levels. 
    • Provide review and expert opinion on seismic hazard analyses. 

    • Ground-motion site effect 

      • Seismic site characterizations 

      • Linear and nonlinear analyses

Environmental Monitoring Using Seismology 

  • Detecting on-the-ground tornadoes 
    • Identify the characteristics of tornado-induced seismic signals. 

    • Identify the low-frequency infrasound sound waves produced by tornadoes. 

    • Investigate the utility of real-time KSSMN seismic and infrasound stations to contribute to tornado warnings. 

  • Groundwater characterization in the Jackson Purchase Region 

    • Assess groundwater resources in the aquifers in the Jackson Purchase Region of Kentucky using broadband recordings of seismic noise. 

    • Detect changes in groundwater using repeated interferometric observations. 

    • Assess the relationships between groundwater and meteorological conditions

 

Geophysics 

Near-surface imaging and characterization. The E&G Team plans to expand its research portfolio by participating in and leading new projects involving other geophysical techniques and tools. Envisioned projects include subsurface imaging for geological, neo-tectonic, and resource characterizations using ground-penetrating radar, electrical resistivity, gravity and magnetic surveys, seismic reflection and refraction profiling, and surface wave methods. Significant effort in these areas would require additional E&G Team members. 

  • Ground-penetrating radar 

  • Electrical resistivity 

  • Microgravity and magnetism 

  • Seismic reflection and refraction 

  • Surface wave dispersion 

Research Team

Earthquakes and Geophysics

Team Leader

Seth Carpenter

Geologist V

seth.carpenter@uky.edu

📞 859-323-0563

Core KGS Team Members

Zhenming Wang

Zhenming Wang

Associate Director and Director of Geoscience Division

zmwang@uky.edu

KGS Team Members

Associated Affiliates and Students

Ed Woolery

Ed Woolery

Geophysics Faculty Associate

ewoolery@uky.edu